The task of effective treatment of varicose veins on the legs is becoming increasingly relevant. During the development of civilization, mankind has not learned to cope with this problem, which is not only a cosmetic defect. Having passed the initial stage, varicose veins begins to make itself felt with pain, swelling, dermatitis, ulcers.
At the risk of the development of varicose veins, people who are subjected to long static (in a fixed position) loads, suffering from obesity and leading a sedentary lifestyle. The number of cases of detection of diseases in adolescence and even childhood increases. A huge impact on the occurrence of the disease is exerted by a profession: varicose veins develops in 80 % of teachers, 70 % of tribal drivers, 85 % of sellers. But managers are at risk only in 20 % of cases.
The causes of development and symptoms
The main reason for the development of varicose veins is, oddly enough, progress. People have less and less need to move. And this is fertile ground for stagnant manifestations, which include varicose veins. The disease refers to the cardiovascular and in official medicine, a whole direction is given to it-phlebology, which studies, including varicose veins on the legs, the symptoms and treatment of which are well studied as part of international research.
Rhythmic heart function creates in the body the difference in pressure, due to which blood circulation occurs. From the heart, blood "scatters" along the arteries and capillaries, returns back to the veins, but when lifting along the legs up, she has to overcome gravity, and the impulse from the heart is not an assistant, because almost all the energy has gone to tie the blood through small blood vessels. If the movement of blood along the deep contour is difficult, there is a discharge into the outer, which does not have surrounding the hard muscle frame, so during overloads it is easily stretched.
For such a situation, nature provided for three compensatory mechanisms that help lift blood up:
- Breathing: The lungs expanding during inspiration create a redistribution of pressure, due to which blood leaks occur.
- Movement. The vein system consists of an internal deep part, through which more than 80 % of returning blood moves, and external (subcutaneous), required for safety and not designed for long high loads. The inner veins are surrounded by muscles, which, contracting, pushing blood up. But when the muscles relax, the blood does not flow back, because the third compensatory mechanism is provided for this.
- The system of intravenous valves that open under a certain pressure of blood. If the pressure is weakening, the sash close, preventing blood backward.
The causes of varicose veins of the lower extremities are heterogeneous and ambiguous. It is difficult to highlight a separate, launching development, because a whole complex is involved. The main factors that interfere with normal blood flow, and related - developing the weakness of the venous wall are considered:
- endocrinology;
- inflammation of the pelvic organs;
- obesity;
- injuries;
- hypodynamia;
- flat feet;
- heredity;
- A large number of free radicals in the body.
Symptoms of the disease
Signs of varicose veins on the legs are known to many, this: this:
- The blue-painted skin tone or a net of vascular stars.
- Numbness and severity in the legs, cramps in the calf muscles, speaking of the beginning of the development of chronic venous failure.
- Swelling on ankles and in the lower third of the lower leg.
- The expansion of veins under the skin, the appearance of visible "nodes" is the main external sign of the disease.
Traditional treatment methods
At all stages of the disease, drugs that stabilize the structure of the venous wall and increase its tone are widely used. In severe forms of venous insufficiency, anticoagulants are used. Inflammation and trophic ulcers can be treated with antifungal and antibacterial agents, and in cases of venous eczema and dermatitis, antihistamines are used, with edema - potassium -saving diuretics. Non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs are used for pain and convulsions. Externally used gels and creams based on special drugs.
Conservative (non -surgical) methods of treatment, timely applied and carefully organized, make it possible to achieve cure or improvement in most cases, which justifies this tactic as starting for all patients. As a result of a study conducted at the Kazan State Medical University, it was found that in adolescence in 15 % of cases, improvement or cure can be achieved, and in 30 % - to stabilize the process. These indicators are much higher than in adult patients, that is, the sooner conservative treatment is started, the higher the result.
Traditional surgical intervention is gradually supplanted by the methods of minimally invasive surgery, which can only be affected by the "sick" part of the vessel. Supreme incisions are created and special substances are introduced into the lumen of the vessel. The consequences of such interventions look aesthetically pleasing.
Compression sclerotherapy - the introduction of liquid and foamy drugs into the lumen of the vein with its subsequent sponge. Treatment is minimal invasive, does not require general anesthesia and helps to avoid temporary disability. But if the substance accidentally penetrates the deep veins, then there is a risk of thrombophlebitis.
Laser coagulation is one of the methods of the so -called "office surgery", after which there are no periods of disability. The inner wall of the vein is affected by laser radiation, as a result of which the vein "closes".
Flebectomy is a painless operation to remove an expanded vein, produced through a puncture. After the operation, only bruises remain, which pass within a month.
Endoscopic surgery (SPS) is a selective effect on the affected areas of veins without injury to surrounding tissues. The operation is carried out under the control of the endoscope, the rehabilitation is twice as fast as after the usual operation, the patient leaves the hospital on the third day.
Surgical removal of varicose veins. The affected vein is cut out of the subcutaneous tissue and removed.
Auxiliary methods of traditional treatment of varicose veins on the legs are:
- laser therapy that helps to remove venous stars;
- manual lymphatic drainage activating the lymph system;
- darsonvalization that helps treat blood circulation disorders;
- special therapy that helps improve blood microcirculation;
- electrical stimulation that strengthens blood vessels and eliminates circulatory disorders;
- Elastic compression of the legs, effective in the stage of the appearance of vascular stars (use of compression knitwear);
- hydrotherapy - baths, contrast shower, hydromassage, dousing with cold water;
- Exercises are used as a method of prevention or in the postoperative period.
Traditional medicine
Treatment of varicose veins on the legs in the initial stages is successfully carried out using non -traditional medicine methods. Phytotherapy is among the few methods of traditional medicine recognized as official as an auxiliary method of therapy, complementing medication and surgical treatment. The use of plant agents does not give a quick effect, so the mood should be for a long course. With varicose veins, among others, common plants such as:
- Aloe tree ("tabletop") helps to eliminate unpleasant sensations and a burning sensation in the legs;
- The leaves and kidneys of birch in the form of a decoction are used to get rid of edema;
- ginkgo biloba contributes to elasticity and increasing the strength of the walls of the vein;
- An ordinary St. John's wort is used for trophic ulcers against the background of varicose veins;
- Bolshoi burdens heals varicose ulcers;
- Field horsetail in the form of a decoction is used for edema from venous insufficiency.
Clay treatment offers the use of compresses, applications and clay cakes:
- White clay helps to improve blood circulation and cell regeneration;
- Blue clay containing cadmium salts and cobalt relieves inflammation and improves peripheral blood circulation;
- Green clay, which contains iron oxide, copper, calcium, magnesium, gold, cobalt, silver, relieves swelling and tones blood vessels.
Talassotherapy uses the healing power of the sea, its gifts and atmosphere of the sea coast. This includes walks along the shore, a diet that includes seafood, bathing in the sea and its contemplation, applications with algae and sea silt. All this contributes to an increase in the velocity of blood flow and removes stagnation.
Hirudotherapy - treatment with leeches, whose saliva contains more than a hundred biologically active substances. Once in the blood, the components of the slope of the leeches improve blood microcirculation, which improves the saturation of tissues with oxygen. Substances contained in saliva contribute to the absorption of blood clots and prevent the formation of new ones. With progressive varicose veins, therapy therapy is not able to return the veins to the veins, but at the initial stages it is very effective.
Prevention
Statistics indicate that the initial signs of varicose veins are manifested in youth. Without waiting for the development of the disease, it is better to pay attention to preventive measures and make some efforts to prevent it. The main task at this stage is to eliminate risk factors and prevent increased loads on the venous system, so as not to think about how to treat varicose veins on the legs:
- Most of all (about 60 percent) are subject to the development of varicose veins of the legs, who, due to professional duties, are standing all day. Two times less risk for workers conducting all day sitting. If by the end of the day the legs are strongly swelling, there is a huge load on the blood vessels and stagnation of blood occurs. Preventive measures when working, burdened with a long load on the venous system: every hour it is necessary to walk for 2-3 minutes or at least make movements that simulate walking.
- A balanced diet, containing proteins, fats, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins containing sufficiently and recommended proportions, helps maintain health. The volume of vegetables and fruits in the diet should exceed the volume of animal food.
- In case of tendency to complete, you need to introduce a restriction in food, resort to diets, engage in physical education in order to maintain normal weight.
- In the wardrobe there should be no clothes that tightly tighten the body, and socks with a tight elastic band that interferes with normal blood flow.
- Close shoes and high heels complicate the work of veins. Shoes need to be selected in size and chosen shoes on a comfortable heel no higher than 5 cm.
- Of great importance in the prevention of varicose veins are playing sports. In this case, you need to avoid burden exercises. Most firing swimming, cycling, videos.
- Hiking should be used at every opportunity - to walk, and not go to work and from work. If it is very far away, go out at 2-3 stops from the destination and go on foot.
Treatment of varicose veins is a set of measures in which it is necessary to balance the use of drugs, compression methods and surgery.
The main thing is prevention, but if the disease began to appear, then the timely start of treatment will help to cope with it.